sv

Deep™

 

Salehi B, Venditti A, Sharifi-Rad M, Kręgiel D, Sharifi-Rad J, Durazzo A, Lucarini M, Santini A, Souto EB, Novellino E, Antolak H, Azzini E, Setzer WN, Martins N. The Therapeutic Potential of Apigenin. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Mar 15;20(6):1305. doi: 10.3390/ijms20061305. PMID: 30875872; PMCID: PMC6472148. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6472148/

 

Yurcheshen M, Seehuus M, Pigeon W. Updates on Nutraceutical Sleep Therapeutics and Investigational Research. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:105256. doi: 10.1155/2015/105256. Epub 2015 Jul 21. PMID: 26265921; PMCID: PMC4523676.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4523676/

 

Andressa C. Gazola, Geison M. Costa, Leonardo Castellanos, Freddy A. Ramos, Flávio H. Reginatto, Thereza C.M. de Lima, Eloir P. Schenkel,
Involvement of GABAergic pathway in the sedative activity of apigenin, the main flavonoid from Passiflora quadrangularis pericarp,
Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia,
Volume 25, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 158-163, ISSN 0102-695X.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/
S0102695X15000678

 

Zick, S.M., Wright, B.D., Sen, A. et al. Preliminary examination of the efficacy and safety of a standardized chamomile extract for chronic primary insomnia: A randomized placebo-controlled pilot study. BMC Complement Altern Med 11, 78 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-11-78
https://bmccomplementmedtherapies.biomedcentral
.com/articles/10.1186/1472-6882-11-78

 

Theertham P. Rao , Motoko Ozeki & Lekh R. Juneja (2015) In Search of a Safe Natural Sleep Aid, Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 34:5, 436-447, DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2014.926153
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/
07315724.2014.926153?journalCode=uacn20

 

Duygu Türközü & Nevin Şanlier (2017) L-theanine, unique amino acid of tea, and its metabolism, health effects, and safety, Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 57:8, 1681-1687, DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1016141


https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/
10408398.2015.1016141?journalCode=bfsn20

 

Hidese S, Ogawa S, Ota M, Ishida I, Yasukawa Z, Ozeki M, Kunugi H. Effects of L-Theanine Administration on Stress-Related Symptoms and Cognitive Functions in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2019 Oct 3;11(10):2362. doi: 10.3390/nu11102362. PMID: 31623400; PMCID: PMC6836118.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31623400/

 

Lyon MR, Kapoor MP, Juneja LR. The effects of L-theanine (Suntheanine®) on objective sleep quality in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Altern Med Rev. 2011 Dec;16(4):348-54. PMID: 22214254.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22214254/ 

 

Ritsner MS, Miodownik C, Ratner Y, Shleifer T, Mar M, Pintov L, Lerner V. L-theanine relieves positive, activation, and anxiety symptoms in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder: an 8-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-center study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2011 Jan;72(1):34-42. doi: 10.4088/JCP.09m05324gre. Epub 2010 Nov 30. PMID: 21208586.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21208586/

 

Yoto A, Motoki M, Murao S, Yokogoshi H. Effects of L-theanine or caffeine intake on changes in blood pressure under physical and psychological stresses. J Physiol Anthropol. 2012 Oct 29;31(1):28. doi: 10.1186/1880-6805-31-28. PMID: 23107346; PMCID: PMC3518171.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23107346/

 

Stough, C., & Pase, M. P. (2015). Improving Cognition in the Elderly With Nutritional Supplements. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 24(3), 177-183. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721414565449
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/
10.1177/0963721414565449

 

Kimura K, Ozeki M, Juneja LR, Ohira H. L-Theanine reduces psychological and physiological stress responses. Biol Psychol. 2007 Jan;74(1):39-45. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2006.06.006. Epub 2006 Aug 22. PMID: 16930802.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16930802/

 

Kawai N, Sakai N, Okuro M, Karakawa S, Tsuneyoshi Y, Kawasaki N, Takeda T, Bannai M, Nishino S. The sleep-promoting and hypothermic effects of glycine are mediated by NMDA receptors in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2015 May;40(6):1405-16. doi: 10.1038/npp.2014.326. Epub 2014 Dec 23. PMID: 25533534; PMCID: PMC4397399.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/
articles/PMC4397399/

 

Arab A, Rafie N, Amani R, Shirani F. The Role of Magnesium in Sleep Health: a Systematic Review of Available Literature. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2023 Jan;201(1):121-128. doi: 10.1007/s12011-022-03162-1. Epub 2022 Feb 19. PMID: 35184264.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35184264/

 

Abbasi B, Kimiagar M, Sadeghniiat K, Shirazi MM, Hedayati M, Rashidkhani B. The effect of magnesium supplementation on primary insomnia in elderly: A double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Res Med Sci. 2012 Dec;17(12):1161-9. PMID: 23853635; PMCID: PMC3703169.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/
articles/PMC3703169/

 

Mah, J., Pitre, T. Oral magnesium supplementation for insomnia in older adults: a Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis. BMC Complement Med Ther 21, 125 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-021-03297-z.
https://bmccomplementmedtherapies.biomedcentral
.com/articles/10.1186/s12906-021-03297-z 

 

Schuette SA, Lashner BA, Janghorbani M. Bioavailability of magnesium diglycinate vs magnesium oxide in patients with ileal resection. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1994 Sep-Oct;18(5):430-5. doi: 10.1177/0148607194018005430. PMID: 7815675.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7815675/



Multitasker™


Baker, LD, Manson, JE, Rapp, SR, et al. Effects of cocoa extract and a multivitamin on cognitive function: A randomized clinical trial. Alzheimer's Dement. 2023; 19: 1308–1319. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.12767

 

https://alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/showCitFormats?doi=10.1002%2Falz.12767

 

Gaziano JM, Sesso HD, Christen WG, Bubes V, Smith JP, MacFadyen J, Schvartz M, Manson JE, Glynn RJ, Buring JE. Multivitamins in the prevention of cancer in men: the Physicians' Health Study II randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2012 Nov 14;308(18):1871-80. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.14641. Erratum in: JAMA. 2014 Aug 6;312(5):560. PMID: 23162860; PMCID: PMC3517179.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23162860/

 

Smith AD, Smith SM, de Jager CA, Whitbread P, Johnston C, Agacinski G, Oulhaj A, Bradley KM, Jacoby R, Refsum H. Homocysteine-lowering by B vitamins slows the rate of accelerated brain atrophy in mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial. PLoS One. 2010 Sep 8;5(9):e12244. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012244. PMID: 20838622; PMCID: PMC2935890.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2935890/

 

Patel DP, Swink SM, Castelo-Soccio L. A Review of the Use of Biotin for Hair Loss. Skin Appendage Disord. 2017 Aug;3(3):166-169. doi: 10.1159/000462981. Epub 2017 Apr 27. PMID: 28879195; PMCID: PMC5582478.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5582478/

 

O'Leary F, Samman S. Vitamin B12 in health and disease. Nutrients. 2010 Mar;2(3):299-316. doi: 10.3390/nu2030299. Epub 2010 Mar 5. PMID: 22254022; PMCID: PMC3257642.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3257642/

https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements-vitamin-b12/art-20363663

 

Wankhede S, Mohan V, Thakurdesai P. Beneficial effects of fenugreek glycoside supplementation in male subjects during resistance training: A randomized controlled pilot study. J Sport Health Sci. 2016 Jun;5(2):176-182. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2014.09.005. Epub 2015 Mar 7. Erratum in: J Sport Health Sci. 2018 Apr;7(2):251. PMID: 30356905; PMCID: PMC6191980.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6191980/

 

Bo Y, Zhu Y, Tao Y, Li X, Zhai D, Bu Y, Wan Z, Wang L, Wang Y, Yu Z. Association Between Folate and Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses. Front Public Health. 2020 Dec 15;8:550753. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.550753. PMID: 33384976; PMCID: PMC7770110.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7770110/

 

Kapil U. Health consequences of iodine deficiency. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2007 Dec;7(3):267-72. PMID: 21748117; PMCID: PMC3074887.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3074887/

 

Montenegro, K., Cruzat, V., Carlessi, R., & Newsholme, P. (2019). Mechanisms of vitamin D action in skeletal muscle. Nutrition Research Reviews, 32(2), 192-204. doi:10.1017/S0954422419000064

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/nutrition-research-reviews/article/mechanisms-of-vitamin-d-action-in-skeletal-muscle/1EF9FB685177265B81431B4D5F4B631F#

 

Rizvi S, Raza ST, Ahmed F, Ahmad A, Abbas S, Mahdi F. The role of vitamin e in human health and some diseases. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2014 May;14(2):e157-65. Epub 2014 Apr 7. PMID: 24790736; PMCID: PMC3997530.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3997530/

 

Roohani N, Hurrell R, Kelishadi R, Schulin R. Zinc and its importance for human health: An integrative review. J Res Med Sci. 2013 Feb;18(2):144-57. PMID: 23914218; PMCID: PMC3724376.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3724376/

 

 

Brains™

 

Smith AD, Smith SM, de Jager CA, Whitbread P, Johnston C, Agacinski G, Oulhaj A, Bradley KM, Jacoby R, Refsum H. Homocysteine-lowering by B vitamins slows the rate of accelerated brain atrophy in mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial. PLoS One. 2010 Sep 8;5(9):e12244. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012244. PMID: 20838622; PMCID: PMC2935890.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2935890/

 

Smith AD, Refsum H. Homocysteine, B Vitamins, and Cognitive Impairment. Annu Rev Nutr. 2016 Jul 17;36:211-39. doi: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-071715-050947. PMID: 27431367.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27431367/

 

 van Soest APM, van de Rest O, Witkamp RF, Cederholm T, de Groot LCPGM. DHA status influences effects of B-vitamin supplementation on cognitive ageing: a post-hoc analysis of the B-proof trial. Eur J Nutr. 2022 Oct;61(7):3731-3739. doi: 10.1007/s00394-022-02924-w. Epub 2022 Jun 15. PMID: 35704085; PMCID: PMC9464144.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35704085/

 

Oulhaj A, Jernerén F, Refsum H, Smith AD, de Jager CA. Omega-3 Fatty Acid Status Enhances the Prevention of Cognitive Decline by B Vitamins in Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis. 2016;50(2):547-57. doi: 10.3233/JAD-150777. PMID: 26757190; PMCID: PMC4927899.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26757190/



Recovery™

 

van Hall G, Shirreffs SM, Calbet JA. Muscle glycogen resynthesis during recovery from cycle exercise: no effect of additional protein ingestion. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2000 May;88(5):1631-6. doi: 10.1152/jappl.2000.88.5.1631. PMID: 10797123.
https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/jappl.2000.88.5.1631

 

Gonzalez JT, Fuchs CJ, Betts JA, van Loon LJ. Glucose Plus Fructose Ingestion for Post-Exercise Recovery-Greater than the Sum of Its Parts? Nutrients. 2017 Mar 30;9(4):344. doi: 10.3390/nu9040344. PMID: 28358334; PMCID: PMC5409683.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5409683/

 

Nielsen, J.J., Mohr, M., Klarskov, C., Kristensen, M., Krustrup, P., Juel, C. and Bangsbo, J. (2004), Effects of high-intensity intermittent training on potassium kinetics and performance in human skeletal muscle. The Journal of Physiology, 554: 857-870. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2003.050658
https://physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1113/jphysiol.2003.050658

 

Lindinger MI, Sjøgaard G. Potassium regulation during exercise and recovery. Sports Med. 1991 Jun;11(6):382-401. doi: 10.2165/00007256-199111060-00004. PMID: 1656509.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1656509/ 

 

Córdova A, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Roche E, Caballero-García A, Fernandez-Lázaro D. Impact of Magnesium Supplementation in Muscle Damage of Professional Cyclists Competing in a Stage Race. Nutrients. 2019 Aug 16;11(8):1927. doi: 10.3390/nu11081927. PMID: 31426321; PMCID: PMC6723322.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6723322/

 

 Cinar V, Nizamlioğlu M, Moğulkoc R. The effect of magnesium supplementation on lactate levels of sportsmen and sedanter. Acta Physiol Hung. 2006 Jun;93(2-3):137-44. doi: 10.1556/APhysiol.93.2006.2-3.4. PMID: 17063625.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17063625/

 

Kass, L.S., Poeira, F. The effect of acute vs chronic magnesium supplementation on exercise and recovery on resistance exercise, blood pressure and total peripheral resistance on normotensive adults. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 12, 19 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-015-0081-z
https://jissn.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12970-015-0081-z 

 

 Veniamakis E, Kaplanis G, Voulgaris P, Nikolaidis PT. Effects of Sodium Intake on Health and Performance in Endurance and Ultra-Endurance Sports. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 19;19(6):3651. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19063651. PMID: 35329337; PMCID: PMC8955583.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8955583/

 

 Shirreffs SM, Sawka MN. Fluid and electrolyte needs for training, competition, and recovery. J Sports Sci. 2011;29 Suppl 1:S39-46. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2011.614269. PMID: 22150427.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22150427/

 

 Sharp RL. Role of sodium in fluid homeostasis with exercise. J Am Coll Nutr. 2006 Jun;25(3 Suppl):231S-239S. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2006.10719572. PMID: 16772634.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16772634/



ProBee™

 

Olofsson TC​, Modesto M, Pascarelli S, Scarafile D​, Mattarelli P, Vasquez A. Bifidobacterium mellis sp. nov., isolated from the honey stomach of the honey bee Apis mellifera. Microb. Soc. 2023; 73:3. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.005766.
https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.005766

 

Olofsson TC, Alsterfjord M, Nilson B, Butler È, Vásquez A. Lactobacillus apinorum sp. nov., Lactobacillus mellifer sp. nov., Lactobacillus mellis sp. nov., Lactobacillus melliventris sp. nov., Lactobacillus kimbladii sp. nov., Lactobacillus helsingborgensis sp. nov. and Lactobacillus kullabergensis sp. nov., isolated from the honey stomach of the honeybee Apis mellifera. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2014 Sep;64(Pt 9):3109-3119. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.059600-0. Epub 2014 Jun 18. PMID: 24944337; PMCID: PMC4156108.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4156108/

 

Tamarit D, Ellegaard KM, Wikander J, Olofsson T, Vásquez A, Andersson SG. Functionally Structured Genomes in Lactobacillus kunkeei Colonizing the Honey Crop and Food Products of Honeybees and Stingless Bees. Genome Biol Evol. 2015 May 6;7(6):1455-73. doi: 10.1093/gbe/evv079. PMID: 25953738; PMCID: PMC4494060.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25953738/



Butler È, Alsterfjord M, Olofsson TC, Karlsson C, Malmström J, Vásquez A. Proteins of novel lactic acid bacteria from Apis mellifera mellifera: an insight into the production of known extra-cellular proteins during microbial stress. BMC Microbiol. 2013 Oct 22;13:235. doi: 10.1186/1471-2180-13-235. PMID: 24148670; PMCID: PMC4015849.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24148670/



Autofocus™

 

Owen GN, Parnell H, De Bruin EA, Rycroft JA. The combined effects of L-theanine and caffeine on cognitive performance and mood. Nutr Neurosci. 2008 Aug;11(4):193-8. doi: 10.1179/147683008X301513. PMID: 18681988.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18681988/

 

Giesbrecht T, Rycroft JA, Rowson MJ, De Bruin EA. The combination of L-theanine and caffeine improves cognitive performance and increases subjective alertness. Nutr Neurosci. 2010 Dec;13(6):283-90. doi: 10.1179/147683010X12611460764840. PMID: 21040626.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21040626/

 

Haskell CF, Kennedy DO, Milne AL, Wesnes KA, Scholey AB. The effects of L-theanine, caffeine and their combination on cognition and mood. Biol Psychol. 2008 Feb;77(2):113-22. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.09.008. Epub 2007 Sep 26. PMID: 18006208.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18006208/

 

Kelly SP, Gomez-Ramirez M, Montesi JL, Foxe JJ. L-theanine and caffeine in combination affect human cognition as evidenced by oscillatory alpha-band activity and attention task performance. J Nutr. 2008 Aug;138(8):1572S-1577S. doi: 10.1093/jn/138.8.1572S. PMID: 18641209.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18641209/

 

 

BioAge™

 

Levine ME, Lu AT, Quach A, Chen BH, Assimes TL, Bandinelli S, Hou L, Baccarelli AA, Stewart JD, Li Y, Whitsel EA, Wilson JG, Reiner AP, Aviv A, Lohman K, Liu Y, Ferrucci L, Horvath S. An epigenetic biomarker of aging for lifespan and healthspan. Aging (Albany NY). 2018 Apr 18;10(4):573-591. doi: 10.18632/aging.101414. PMID: 29676998; PMCID: PMC5940111.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5940111/ 



Higgins-Chen, A.T., Thrush, K.L., Wang, Y. et al. A computational solution for bolstering reliability of epigenetic clocks: implications for clinical trials and longitudinal tracking. Nat Aging 2, 644–661 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43587-022-00248-2

https://www.nature.com/articles/s43587-022-00248-2#citeas 



Summary with one of the authors - our advisor associate Professor Sara Hägg https://news.ki.se/improved-reliability-of-epigenetic-clocks 



Morgan E Levine, Assessment of Epigenetic Clocks as Biomarkers of Aging in Basic and Population Research, The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, Volume 75, Issue 3, March 2020, Pages 463–465, https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaa021

https://academic.oup.com/biomedgerontology/article/75/3/463/5717592




Creatine



Cooper R, Naclerio F, Allgrove J, Jimenez A. Creatine supplementation with specific view to exercise/sports performance: an update. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2012 Jul 20;9(1):33. doi: 10.1186/1550-2783-9-33. PMID: 22817979; PMCID: PMC3407788.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3407788/



Kreider RB, Kalman DS, Antonio J, Ziegenfuss TN, Wildman R, Collins R, Candow DG, Kleiner SM, Almada AL, Lopez HL. International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: safety and efficacy of creatine supplementation in exercise, sport, and medicine. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2017 Jun 13;14:18. doi: 10.1186/s12970-017-0173-z. PMID: 28615996; PMCID: PMC5469049.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5469049/ 



Valenzuela PL, Morales JS, Emanuele E, Pareja-Galeano H, Lucia A. Supplements with purported effects on muscle mass and strength. Eur J Nutr. 2019 Dec;58(8):2983-3008. doi: 10.1007/s00394-018-1882-z. Epub 2019 Jan 2. PMID: 30604177.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30604177/ 



Bongiovanni T, Genovesi F, Nemmer M, Carling C, Alberti G, Howatson G. Nutritional interventions for reducing the signs and symptoms of exercise-induced muscle damage and accelerate recovery in athletes: current knowledge, practical application and future perspectives. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2020 Sep;120(9):1965-1996. doi: 10.1007/s00421-020-04432-3. Epub 2020 Jul 13. PMID: 32661771.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32661771/ 



Kaviani M, Shaw K, Chilibeck PD. Benefits of Creatine Supplementation for Vegetarians Compared to Omnivorous Athletes: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Apr 27;17(9):3041. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093041. PMID: 32349356; PMCID: PMC7246861.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7246861/ 



Antonio, J., Candow, D.G., Forbes, S.C. et al. Common questions and misconceptions about creatine supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show?. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 18, 13 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-021-00412-w

https://jissn.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12970-021-00412-w




Protein

 

West DWD, Abou Sawan S, Mazzulla M, Williamson E, Moore DR. Whey Protein Supplementation Enhances Whole Body Protein Metabolism and Performance Recovery after Resistance Exercise: A Double-Blind Crossover Study. Nutrients. 2017 Jul 11;9(7):735. doi: 10.3390/nu9070735. PMID: 28696380; PMCID: PMC5537849.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5537849/ 

 

Cintineo HP, Arent MA, Antonio J, Arent SM. Effects of Protein Supplementation on Performance and Recovery in Resistance and Endurance Training. Front Nutr. 2018 Sep 11;5:83. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00083. PMID: 30255023; PMCID: PMC6142015.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6142015/ 

 

Lam FC, Bukhsh A, Rehman H, Waqas MK, Shahid N, Khaliel AM, Elhanish A, Karoud M, Telb A, Khan TM. Efficacy and Safety of Whey Protein Supplements on Vital Sign and Physical Performance Among Athletes: A Network Meta-Analysis. Front Pharmacol. 2019 Apr 24;10:317. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00317. PMID: 31068804; PMCID: PMC6491698.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31068804/ 

 

Lam FC, Khan TM, Faidah H, Haseeb A, Khan AH. Effectiveness of whey protein supplements on the serum levels of amino acid, creatinine kinase and myoglobin of athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Syst Rev. 2019 May 31;8(1):130. doi: 10.1186/s13643-019-1039-z. PMID: 31151484; PMCID: PMC6544960.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31151484/